DHCP is Stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. As its name says it's purpose to assign a dynamic IP address to the device in the network. Assigning Dynamic address means that a device will have a different IP address every time it connects to the network.

To be more simple, DHCP allows a device or a computer in network to join a network without having pre-configured IP address. It assigns unique IPs to computer devices each time computer a device connectes or joins to the network. Ans also DHCP renews when the system disconnects and enters the network with uniqe IP address. When the client receives an IP address, the client may use the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to prevent IP conflicts caused by overlapping address pools of DHCP servers.

Each time a computer or a device restrts and connects to the network it first connects to the DHCP server and requests a IP address, subnet and a gateway. Then the DHCP server genarally realese the net avilable IP address in the network

The DHCP Server has a future that allows Admin to define the set of IPs or "Pools" or in DHCP terminology it calls "Scopes", The IPs are in "Pools" are configured with the Subnet Mask.

Having DHCP is safe because DHCP handles the confihuration of IP address so that, there is no chance of IP confilts by assiging them manually.

DHCP traffic from DHCP Server to Client uses UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and the Ports used to transmitting packets or messages Port 67 and Port 68.

DHCP Server operates are in four basic actions: